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All total 1 Articles be foundStructural Characterization and Computer-Aided Optimization of a Small-Molecule Inhibitor of the Arp2/3 Complex, a Key Regulator of the Actin Cytoskeleton
Baggett, Andrew W.,Cournia, Zoe,Han, Min Suk,Patargias, George,Glass, Adam C.,Liu, Shih-Yuan,Nolen, Brad J.
, p. 1286 - 1294 (2012/07/17)
CK-666 (1) is a recently discovered small-molecule inhibitor of the actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex, a key actin cytoskeleton regulator with roles in bacterial pathogenesis and cancer cell motility. Although 1 is commercially available, the crystal structure of Arp2/3 complex with 1 bound has not been reported, making its mechanism of action uncertain. Furthermore, its relatively low potency increases its potential for off-target effects invivo, complicating interpretation of its influence in cell biological studies and precluding its clinical use. Herein we report the crystal structure of 1 bound to Arp2/3 complex, which reveals that 1 binds between the Arp2 and Arp3 subunits to stabilize the inactive conformation of the complex. Based on the crystal structure, we used computational docking and free-energy perturbation calculations of monosubstituted derivatives of 1 to guide optimization efforts. Biochemical assays of ten newly synthesized compounds led to the identification of compound 2, which exhibits a threefold increase in inhibitory activity invitro relative to 1. In addition, our computational analyses unveiled a surface groove at the interface of the Arp2 and Arp3 subunits that can be exploited for additional structure-based optimization.
